Tuesday, March 15, 2016

SPOKEN SANSKRIT-14

SPOKEN SANSKRIT-14
Dr. Durga Prasada Rao Chilakamarthi

Lesson-10
Unit-1
भविष्यत्काल: Future Tense

 (स:) पठिष्यति -   ( तौ ) पठिष्यत: -  (ते) पठिष्यन्ति
(त्वम्) पठिष्यसि -   (युवाम् ) पठिष्यथ: - (यूयम् ) पठिष्यथ
(अहम्) पठिष्यामि- (आवाम्) पठिष्याव:   - (वयम्) पठिष्याम:

    भविष्यत्काल: Future Tense III person singular, dual and plural
(स:)  पठिष्यति = He will read     
(तौ) पठिष्यत: = They two will read 
(ते)   पठिष्यन्ति= They all will read
भविष्यत्काल: Future Tense II person singular, dual and plural
(त्वम्)    पठिष्यसि= You will read
(युवाम् ) पठिष्यथ:= You two will read
(यूयम् )  पठिष्यथ= You all will read
भविष्यत्काल: Future Tense I person singular-dual and plural
    (अहम्)   पठिष्यामि= I will read 
(आवाम्) पठिष्याव:= We two will read
(वयम्)   पठिष्याम: = We all will read.

Construct sentences using the verbal forms given under.

Singular number                        plural number        

स:/सा                                   ता:
     बालक:                                 बलाका:
बालिका                                बालिका:
भवान्-                                 भवन्त:
भवती                                 भवत्य: 
   /I\                                                        /|\
1.पठिष्यति                               पठिष्यन्ति
2.लेखिष्यलि                             लेखिष्यन्ति
3.क्रीडिष्यति-                             क्रीडिष्यन्ति
4. द्रक्ष्यति                               द्रक्ष्यन्ति
5. दर्शयिष्यति                            दर्शयिष्यन्ति
6. वदिष्यति                              वदिष्यन्ति
7. गमिष्यति                              गमिष्यन्ति
8 पास्यति                                पास्यन्ति
9. पाययिष्यति-                                     पाययिष्यन्ति
10. नर्तिष्यति                              नर्तिष्यन्ति
11. गास्यति                               गास्यन्ति
12.प्रक्ष्यति                                 प्रक्ष्यन्ति
13.नेष्यति                                 नेष्यन्ति
14. आनेष्यति                             आनेष्यन्ति
 15. पोषयिष्यति                         पोषयिष्यन्ति
`16. मापयिष्यति                          मापयिष्यन्ति
17. तोलयिष्यति                           तोलयिष्यन्ति
18. ज्ञापयिष्यति                           ज्ञापयिष्यन्ति
19. प्रक्षालयिष्यति                         प्रक्षालयिष्यन्ति
20. करिष्यति                             करिष्यन्ति
21.  दास्यति                              दास्यन्ति
22. पूजयिष्यति                            पूजयिष्यन्ति

n      Translate the following sentences in Sanskrit.

1. A boy will read a book  
2. A girl will write a letter.
3. His father will bring books
4. My mother will go to temple and pray to God.
5. We go to the library and bring books.
6. They will go home and drink milk
7. I and my sister will eat food.
8. Teacher will take the students to library.
9. My father and mother will come to my school.
10. I shall go home and eat food.


Unit 2                                    च  = and /also/ more over/ for/but etc.,  

n      राम: वनं गतवान्  सीता गतवती || Rama went to forest Sita also went.
n      स: संस्कृतं न केवलं वदति लिखति = He not only speaks Sanskrit but also writes.
 स: न केवलं पठति किन्तु पाठयति   = He not only reads , he teaches also.
सा  क्षीरं तक्रम् विक्रीणाति = she sells milk and butter milk also.

n      Unit-3                                   संबोधनम् (Vocative case)

n      This is called vocative case. When we address some person, we use this case.
n      पुत्र:------------हे पुत्र !      हेपुत्रौ!               हे पुत्रा:
n      कवि:----------हे कवे!       हे कवी             हे कवय:
n      भानु: ----------हे भानो    हे भानू                हे  भानव:
n      महिला ------हे महिले    हे महिले                         हे महिला :
n      पुत्री--- हे  पुत्रि:   हे पुत्र्यौ:  हे पुत्र्य:
n      मित्रम् --- हे मित्र ! -- हे मित्रे -- हे मित्राणि
n      We can add भो---अयि in the place of हे
n      Example:-- भो पुत्र---अयि पुत्र  etc.

n      Unit-4                           अत: (ataha) = as / because / that is why/so/so that


मम बुभुक्षा नास्ति अत: अन्नं न खादामि = I don’t take food as I am not hungry.
दीप : नास्ति अत: स: न पठति
There is no light that is why he is not reading.
अद्य कळाशालाया: विराम: अत: सा चलनचित्रं पश्यति = There is holiday for college so she viewing cinema.

SANSKRIT SLOKA 9

एकाकी  जायते जन्तु:  एकाकी म्रियते तथा |
स्वेनैव ह्यनुभूयेते  स्वकृते सुकृतदुष्कृते || ( Author: Dr. Dhulipala Arka Somayaji)
Ekaakee jaayate jantuh
Ekaaki mriyate tathaa
Svenaiva hyanubhuyete 
SvakRite sukRita dushkrite

Man or even subhuman life is born alone and dies alone. One has to enjoy ones own good deeds, and one has to reap retribution of ones misdeeds. (translated by the Author)




No comments: