SPOKEN SANSKRIT-15
Dr. Durga Prasada Rao Chilakamarthi
Lesson-11
Unit-1 एव = only, as you
like , even so , indeed, exactly,
,still, just, also
Some examples:
.
n अहं क्षीरम् एव
पिबामि काफीं न पिबामि = I drink milk only I don’t drink coffee.
n स: एव
गच्छति सा न गच्छति= He alone is going she is not going.
n धर्म: एव रक्षति न अन्य: =
Dharma alone protects nothing else.
n इदं पुस्तकं
गोविन्दस्य एव न अन्यस्य = This book belongs to Govinda only but not to anybody else
n मम लेखनी गृहे एव
अस्ति अन्यत्र नास्ति= My pen is in my house only nowhere else.
n भवान् ग्रन्थालये एव
तिष्ठतु अन्यत्र मा गच्छतु = You stay in the library only do not go anywhere
n दोष: मम एव
न भवत: = The fault is indeed mine not yours.
Unit-2. इति This much / thus /end / conclusion
Note:- The word इति is normally used when the actual words of a speaker quoted in writing.
Some examples:
n “ सत्यमेव जयते
” इति वेद:
वदति ||
n
“ भवान् श्रद्धया पठतु ” इति अध्यापक: उक्तवान् ||
n “योगक्षेमं
वहाम्यहम् ” इति
श्रीकृष्ण: उक्तवान् ||
n “ Freedom is my birth
right” इति बालगङ्गाधरतिलक् महोदय: उक्तवान् ||
n
“ Do or die” इति महात्मा गान्धी महोदय: घोषितवान् ||
n “ अद्य भोजनं माsस्तु ” इति वैद्य: उक्तवान् ||
n “ अहं क्षीरम् एव पिबामि ”
इत्यहमुक्तवान् ||
n “ वैद्यो नारायणो
हरि: ” इति भवान्
यद्वदति तत्सत्यमेव ||
n Unit-3 अस्मि = I am / I become.
Some examples:
n अहं अध्यापक: अस्मि = I am a teacher
n अहं गायक: अस्मि
= I am a singer
n अहं नर्तकी अस्मि
= I am a dancer
n अहं वित्तकोशे
अधिकारी अस्मि = I am an officer in a bank
n अहं देशभक्त: अस्मि
= I am a patriot
n Unit-4 यदि---तर्हि = If... Then, whether, provided etc
Some examples:
n यदि बुभुक्षा अस्ति तर्हि
अन्नं खादतु = If you
are hungry you eat food.
n यदि समय: अस्ति तर्हि
मम गृहं आगच्छतु= If you have time then come to my house.
n यदि पुस्तकस्य मूल्यं
स्वल्पम् अस्ति तर्हि क्रेष्यामि = If the price of the book is low then I shall purchase
n यदि धनं नास्ति
तर्हि अन्नं ददातु = If you don’t have money give me food.
n Unit – 5 यथा —तथा
यथा (In the manner which ) —तथा (In a suitable way) according to; in any way; in what ever manner; however; according as; to what ever
extent
Some examples:
n यथा राजा तथा
प्रजा: = The people are like the king.
n राजकीयनायक: यथा
वदति तथा न करोति = A politician does not act as he speaks or promises.
n
यथा दीप: तथा प्रकाश: = The light is according
to the lamp.
n मम मित्रं यथा मधुरं गायति तथा अहं न गायामि= I can not sing as
sweetly as my friend sings.
n स: यथा मातृभाषां
वेगेन वदति तथा एव अन्यभाषामपि वदति = He speaks other-tongue also fluently as he
speaks fluently his mother-tongue.
SANSKRIT SLOKA-10
श्वा यदि दंशति मनुजान्
न ते जना: तं प्रतिदशन्ति
यद्याक्रोशति नीच:
सज्जन: तं न वदति किञ्चित्
Shvaa yadi daMshati manujaan
Na te janaah taM prtaidashanti
Yadyaakroshati neechah
SajjanastaM na vadati kinchit:
If a dog bites human beings, they will not in turn bite the dog. Similarly, if a man of low
profile cried at a good person, the good person will never speak any thing
against him in retaliation.
.
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