SPOKEN SANSKRIT-10
Dr. Durga Prasada Rao Chilakamarthi
Lesson—6/1
कति? (Kati?)= How many?
n
Question: शिवस्य नेत्राणि कति सन्ति? (shivasya netraaNi kati santi?
n
Answer: शिवस्य नेत्राणि त्रीणि
सन्ति = Siva’s eyes are three
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Question: पाण्डवा: कति सन्ति?
( pandavaah kati santi?)
n
Answer: पाण्डवा: पञ्च सन्ति = pandavaas are five
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Question: कौरवसोदरा: कति सन्ति?
kauravasodaraah kati santi?)
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Answer: कौरवसोदरा: शतम् सन्ति = kauravabrothers are hundred
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Question: रावणस्य मुखानि कति सन्ति? raavaNasya mukhaani kati santi?)
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Answer: रावणस्य दश मुखानि
सन्ति? सन्ति (The faces of Ravana are ten)
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Question: रावणस्य कति हस्ता:सन्ति? Raavanasya kati hastaah santi?
n
Answer: रावणस्य विंशति हस्ता: सन्ति = Ravana’s heads are twenty
Lesson—6/2
सप्तमीविभक्ति: = Locative case
It speaks of the location of a particular thing.
Masculine Gender
NOMINATIVE CASE:
LOCATIVE CASE
प्रथमाविभक्ति:
सप्तमीविभक्ति:
आसन्द: आसन्दे ( in a chair)
Example:-- अध्यापक: आसन्दे उपविशति = The teacher is sitting in a chair.
हस्त: हस्ते (in the
hand)
Example:--पुस्तकं मम हस्ते अस्ति= A book is in my hand.
आकाश: (sky) आकाशे (in the sky)
Example:- सूर्य: आकाशे अस्ति = The Sun is in the sky.
घट: (pot) घटे (in a pot)
Example:-- जलं घटे अस्ति (
The water is in
the pot)
Feminine Gender
n
NOMINATIVE CASE:
LOCATIVE
CASE;
शाखा ( branch) शाखायाम् ( in the branch)
Example:-- वृक्षस्य शाखायां
पक्षी अस्ति ( A bird is in the branch of a tree)
नौका (ship) नौकायाम् ( in the ship)
Example:--नाविक: नौकायाम्
अस्ति (A sailor is in the ship)
गङ्गा (river Ggnges) गङ्गायाम् (Ganges)
Example: गङ्गायां
स्वच्छता अस्ति (There is purity in the river Ganges)
नदी (river) नद्याम् ( in the river)
Example:--नद्यां मकर: अस्ति
(A crocodile
is in the river)
सप्तमीविभक्ति: = Locative case
Neuter Gender
NOMINATIVE CASE: --- LOCATIVE
CASE:
जलम् जले (jale) (in water)
Example:- जले मीन: अस्ति ( A fish is in water)
पुष्पम् पुष्पे ( pushpe) ( in flower)
Example:-
सगन्ध: पुष्पे अस्ति ( Fragrance is in flower)
विमानम् -- विमाने (in a plane)
Example:- सैनिक: विमाने उपविशति (A soldier is sitting in a plane)
पात्रम् पात्रे (in a vessel)
Example:- पात्रे शर्करा अस्ति = Sugar is in the vessel
Answer the folloing in Sanskrit
1.
भवत: / भवत्या: गृहे कति दण्डदीपा: (tube lights) सन्ति?
2.
भवत्या:/ भवत: कलाशालायां कति अध्यापका: (teachers) सन्ति?
3.
मम हस्ते कति अङ्गुल्य:( fingers) सन्ति?
4.
अस्माकं देशे कति नद्य: (rivers) सन्ति?
5.
क्रिकेट क्रीडायां पक्षे (in one group) कति क्रीडाकारा:
सन्ति?
Lesson—6/3
कदा (kadaa)=when
n भवान् कदा
दन्तधावनं करोति? = When do you brush your teeth?
(Bhavaan kadaa dantadhaavanaM karoti) ?
n भवती कदा पाठशालां गच्छति? = When do you go to school?
( Bhavatee kadaa paaThashaalaaM gachchati ?)
n स: कदा परीक्षां लिखति ? When does he write the examination?
(saha kadaa pareekShaaM likhati ?)
n बालक: कदा
उत्तिष्ठति = When does the boy get up?
(baalakah kadaa uttishThati?)
Lesson--6/4
Names of the days in a week
n प्रपरह्य: (praparahyaha) The
day before the day before yesterday
n परह्य: (parahyaha)
Day before yesterday
n ह्य:(hyaha)
Yesterday
n अद्य (adya)Today
n श्वः (svaha)
Tomorrow
n परश्वः (parashvah)
Day after tomorrow
n प्रपरश्व (praparashvah)
The day after the day after tomorrow
n प्रपरह्य: गुरुवासर: = The day before the day before yesterday was Thursday
n परह्य: शुक्रवासर: =The day before yesterday was Friday
n ह्य: शनिवासर: =Yesterday was Saturday
n अद्य भानुवासर: = Today is Sunday
n श्वः सोमवासर: = Tomorrow will be Monday
n परश्वः कुजवासर: = The day after tomorrow will be Tuesday
n प्रपरश्व बुधवासर:= The day after the day
after tomorrow will be Wednesday
SLOKA-5
श्व: कार्यमद्य
कुर्वीत अद्यकार्यं तु साम्प्रतम्
फलके प्रलये भावी करिष्यति
पुन: कदा?
Shvahkaaryamadya kurveeta
Adya kaaryaM tu saaMpratam
Phalake pralaye bhaavee
KariShyati punah kadaa?
One should do the work of tomorrow on today itself and the work of
today now itself. When the destruction is inevitable in future as designed by fate when any one can do it again?
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