Sunday, September 18, 2022

CONVERSATIONAL SANSKRIT-1

 

      CONVERSATIONAL SANSKRIT-1

         संभाषणसंस्कृतम्

डाक्टर् . चिलकमर्ति दुर्गाप्रसाद रावु

Dr. Durga Prasada Rao Chilakamarthi

dr.cdprao@gmail.com

 

 Sanskrit was once the lingua franca of our mother land. There is not even an iota of doubt in this. Patanjali who composed Mahabhashya on Panini’s grammar, mentioned that this word is used in a particular country in this way and that word is used in that way. But, in course of time, due to many socio -religious and political reasons it slipped from the tongues of people and confined to books only. The reasons are obvious. So, it is our bounden duty and sublime obligation to see that Sanskrit is spoken by all. Every language normally has four dimensions. First, it should be spoken. Mere speaking will be of no use. It should be written. Speaking and writing are also of no use. A considerable amount of literature is to be produced in that language. Even speaking, writing, and producing literature are of not of much use. That literature should be within the reach of a common man in society. Any language will survive provided all these four conditions are fulfilled. To bring Sanskrit in usage, many institutions such as  “Samskritabhaarati”, “Aksharam”, “viswasamskritapratishthaanam”  tried their best and succeeded to bring out the language In common usage. They are saint like people and their effort is just like penance.   The entire nation is very much indebted to them.

In the history of Sanskrit literature we come across  many great people who grieved over the injustice done to Sanskrit language. As a piece meal I give an example. There was a poet Kantakarjuna who composed a treatise   named Kantakanjali. In that he writes,

स्पृष्टं स्त्री – विट- चेट- शूद्र- यवनै: गीर्वाणवाङ्मन्दिरं

भ्रष्टं स्यादिति तालयन्त्रितमिदं कुर्वन्ति तेभ्यो नम:

किं गीतासु किमर्चनासु किमु वा शास्रेषु किं प्रेमसु   

सर्वे संस्कृतभाषिणो यदि तदा देवाय कुर्यां बलिम्

I, salute to those people, with aversion, who locked and packed Sanskrit, thinking that it would get spoiled if it is spoken by people of low caste, seducers, women, foreigners etc. what nonsense is this. If we sing, we should use Sanskrit. If we worship, we use Sanskrit? If we debate, we should use Sanskrit and if we make love , we should use Sanskrit. Only then I certain offer my puja to the  God. {free translation}

Some important suggestions:

1.     Instead of studying lonely it is better  to study with the family members or friends .

2.     The art of speaking is improved only by speaking alone. Therefore, one should speak freely with out any hesitation.

                     Everything should be thought upon in that language for speedy improvement.  For example, if we come across a dog on a road In order to achieve National Integration and universal brother – hood through Sanskrit, a language which is said to be the basis of many Indian and foreign Languages and a treasure house of Indian culture I have started a small programme Viz., CONVERSATIONAL SANSKRIT  (Explained in English) through my blog. This programme   enables one to enjoy the taste of the language and literature independently with less effort. This programme introduces one sloka also at the end of every lesson with simple meaning. I humbly inform you that I follow the footsteps of many scholars who are saint like and who have also been sacrificing their might for the propagation of Sanskrit. The written script of the sloka/stanza with transliteration is also available. You are requested to clarify your doubts by mailing me at every step

                                                                       ***

n      Normally conversation begins when two or more than two persons meet.

n      Naturally they need mutual introduction.

n      One must introduce himself first to inquire about the other person.

n      The conversation normally goes like this.

 

 we should compose at least 10 sentences on that. And also, one should not think of mistakes while speaking.  In order to achieve National Integration and universal brother – hood through Sanskrit, a language which is said to be the basis of many Indian and foreign Languages and a treasure house of Indian culture I have started a small programme Viz., CONVERSATIONAL SANSKRIT (Explained in English) through my blog. This program   enables one to enjoy the taste of the language and literature independently with less effort. This program introduces one sloka also at the end of every lesson with simple meaning. I humbly inform you that I follow the footsteps of many scholars who are saint like and who have also been sacrificing their might for the propagation of Sanskrit. The written script of the sloka/stanza with transliteration is also available. You are requested to clarify your doubts by mailing me at every step

                                        ***

At the very out set I humbly inform you that I am not good in English. Kindly bear with my English to understand Sanskrit.

n      Normally conversation begins when two or more than two persons meet.

n      Naturally they need mutual introduction.

n      One must introduce himself first to inquire about the other person.

n      The conversation normally goes like this.

                               ***

             Normally conversation begins when there are at least two or more than two persons. A person who starts conversation is expected to introduce himself or herself first.    

                     The conversation goes like this.  

                                                           1. मम नाम (my name )

     भवत: नाम  (your name )

   भवत्या: नाम ( your name)

         

 2. :  सा - तत् 

 :  --- का ---किम्  ?

         

3. एष:  --- एषा  ---एतत् 

1.     मम नाम (my name )   

    भवत: नाम  (your name) (in case the other person is  male )

    भवत्या: नाम  = your name (in case the other person is a  girl or a lady  )

                       किम्  ? (what?)                                  1    .मम नाम दुर्गाप्रसाद:   My name is DurgaPrasad.        

                                              Question

      भवत: नाम किम्?   What is your name?   (In case the other member is  a male person)

 

              Answer given by the other person:

 

      मम नाम भरत: ( mama naama Bharat )   My name is Bharat

 2.  मम नाम दुर्गाप्रसाद:( mama naama Durgaprasadaha))  My name is DurgaPrasad.

      Question

      भवत्या: नाम किम् ? (bhavatyaah naama kim?) What is your name? (in case you are asking a female person, her name?) 

 

     Answer given by the other person:

      मम नाम शारदा  mama naama Shaaradaa   My name is Sarada  

  मम नाम (mama naama ) My name ----

      भवत: नाम ( bhavatah naama ) your name    

   भवत्या: नाम (bhavatyaah naama ) your name  

 

                                                  *****

 

When there are more than two persons one introduces the other in the following way

2.     : (saha )  he or it   

3.     सा (saa) (she or it )--- 

4.     तत् (tat ) it or that

    : (kaha ) who or what  का (kaa ) who or what ?/  --- किम् (what or which) ?

स: क: स: बालक: (he is a boy) स: वृक्ष:):

सा का ? सा बालिका  

सा का ? सा लता

तत् किम्  तत् पुस्तकम्

 In case those persons or things are in one’s close vicinity

 

2.     एष:   --- एषा -एतत्      

3.     एष: क:    एष: बालक::   

4.      एषा का ? एषा बालिका      

5.      एतत् किम् ?

     एतत् पुस्तकम् 

Note:

दूरे -- स:  - समीपे एष:

दूरे --सा - समीपे एषा

दूरे -- तत् - समीपे एतत्

Now you form at least ten sentences by indicating different persons or things.

 

स: / एष: -----राम: /अध्यापक: विद्यालय: हस्त: वृक्ष:  

सा/ एषा ==सा/ एषा – सीता /अध्यापिका/ पाठशाला / नासिका / लता

तत् / एतत्— पुस्तकम् / मुखम् / नेत्रम् / कमलम् / नक्षत्रम्   

    स: बालक:    --                                      

    एष:      अध्यापक:                              

    सा   बालिका   

                                    

      एषा      अध्यापिका-   

      तत्      पुष्पम्   ---        

   एतत्      पुस्तकम्   

    क:          का?             किम्?                                        You try to construct maximum number of sentences observing the surroundings.

1.  एष गोल दीप:  (Bulb) 2. स: दण्ड दीप:  (tube light) 

3 . एषा कपाटिका  (cupboard) 4. सा दूरवाणी (phone)

5. एतत् दन्तफेनकम् (tooth paste)6.  तत् वस्त्रफेनकम्   (detergent)          

 ౧. द्वारम्=door   ताल:= lock ౩.  कुञ्चिका =key --- 

4.. वातायानम्= window 5.  शौचालय= lavatory 6.  स्नानालय:= bathroom

7. वस्त्रक्षालकम् = washing machine  8.  कपाटिका= cupboard 9.-वस्तुधानी= almirah 10. आसन्द:= chair 11- उत्पीठिका= table 12. संगणकयन्त्रम् = computer ;13. . दूरवाणी =phone 14.. दूरदर्शिनी= Television 15.  पिञ्ज:= switch-16.व्यजनम् =fan                          

 Read this poem :

1.       स्वगृहे पूज्यते मूर्ख: स्वग्रामे पूज्यते धनी

        स्वदेशे पूज्यते राजा  विद्वान् सर्वत्र पूज्यते

 

A foolish man is honored in his house. A wealthy man is honored in his villege. A king is honored in his kingdom. But a scholar is honored everywhere.   

 

       *****

                      

 

Translate the following sentences in  Sanskrit.

2.     My name is ……..

3.     What is your name (male person)

4.     What is your name? (female person)

5.     He is a boy

6.     It is sky.

6.     She is a woman

7.     It is a cloth

8.     It is a flower

9.     This is a tree

10.That is a creeper.

                               <><><><><>

 

 

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