Sunday, January 1, 2023

CONVERSATIONAL SANSKRIT- 20 Lesson-20

 

CONVERSATIONAL SANSKRIT- 20

Lesson-20

Dr.  Chilakamarthi  Durgaprasada Rao

dr.cdprao@gmail.com

9897959425.

 

 Unit-1.

वारम् =  A multitude, A quantity .

 

1.     एकवारम् =  once or  one time)  2. द्विवारम्=  twice or two times 3. त्रिवारम्= (thrice or three times 4.  बहुवारम्number of times/many times 5.   वारं वारम् many a time / repeatedly).

 

 Suppose when somebody asks us how many times do you brush your teeth in a day?; how many times you take your food  ’ how many times you take coffee or tea? Then to answer  such questions we use this word.वारम् .

उदाहरणानि  :-

 

1. दिने अहम् एकवारं स्नानं करोमि |

I take a bath once in a day

 

2. दिने द्विवारं भोजनं करोमि |

 

I take meal twice in a day

 

3. दिने त्रिवारं पुस्तकं पठामि

 

I read  book thrice a day.

 

4. य:  दिने एकवारं   भोजनं खादति स: योगी भवति

 

A person who takes food once a day is yogi.

 

5. य:  दिने द्विवारं भोजनं खादति स: भोगी भवति

   

A person who takes food twice a day becomes bhogi.

 

6. य:  दिने त्रिवारं भोजनं खादति स: रोगी भवति

A person who takes food thrice  a day, becomes Rogi

 

( द्विरन्नं  मनुष्याणाम्  इति नियम: )

 

Unit-2.   यत:;-  because/as/ since/ whence.

 

We normally use the word यत: to specify the reason for accomplishment or non-accomplishment of things.  

 

     उदाहरणानि  :--

1. अद्य चलनचित्रमन्दिरे महान् जनसंमर्द: यत: तत्र नूतनं चित्रम् आगतम् ||

.

There was a heavy rush at the theatre because it was a new film.

 

2. मोहन: अद्य देवालयं गतवान् यत: अद्य परीक्षा अस्ति तस्य ||

 

Mohan went to temple today because there is an examination.

 

3. गोपाल: स्नानं विना अन्नं खादति यत: स: ज्वरेण पीडित: अभवत् ||

.

     Gopal is eating food without taking bath because he has just suffered and relieved from    fever.

 

Unit -3    यद्यपि तथापि Although /even if / nevertheless

 

1. यद्यपि स: धनवान् तथापि दानं न करोति ||

Even though he is wealthy, he never donates money

 

2. यद्यपि बुभुक्षा अस्ति तथापि न खादति

          Even though he is hungry he never eats.

 

౩. यद्यपि वस्त्राणि बहूनि सन्ति तथापि न धरति

Even though there are many clothes ne never puts on them

 

4. यद्यपि स: अधिकं धनं संपादितवान् तथापि तस्य तृप्ति: नास्ति ||

 

Even though he earns a lot of money he has no satisfaction or contentment

 

5. यद्यपि अद्य भानुवासर: तथापि कलाशालाया: विराम: नास्ति.

.

Even though it is Sunday today there is no holiday for college.

 

Unit - 4:- केषाञ्चन प्राणिनां नामानि | Names of some animals and creatures.  

 

 .गौ:=cow वृषभ: = ox  महिष: = buffalo ; अवि:=  sheep ;  मेष: = goat  शुनक: = dog  ;  अश्व: = horse;   गर्दभ: = donkey ;  चिक्रोड: = squirrel ;  कूर्म: = tortoise ;  शश: = rabbitशृगाल: = jackal / उष्ट्र:/ क्रमेलक: = camel  सर्प: = serpent मकर= crocodile; मूषिक: =  ratसिंह: = lionभल्लुक: = bear;  वृक: =wolf ; हरिण: = deer ; नकुल: =  mongoose ;  वराह: = pig ; व्याघ्र: = tigerवत्स: = calf ;  मार्जार: = catगज: = elephant;  वानर: = monkeyभेक: = frog ;  मत्स्य: = fish; जलूक: = leech; शतपदी = centipede; वृश्चिक: = scorpionकुलीर: = crab;

Unit -5 :-  

य:--स:who so ever… he is  /

 या सा  who so ever … she is  /

यत् तत्

Whatsoever …it is.

1.     य: गानं करोति स: गायक:

A person who sings is called a singer.

 

2.     वेदिकायां य: उपन्यासं ददाति स: प्रधानाध्यापक:

 

A person who is addressing the audience from dais is the principal.

 

3.  या नृत्यं करोति सा नर्तकी

 

A person who dances is called a dancer.

 

4.  चलनचित्रे या भरतनाट्याभिनयं कृतवती सा सुप्रसिद्धा अभिनेत्री

 

A woman, who danced in the movie, is a famous actress.

 

5. मम हस्ते यत्पुस्तकम् अस्ति तत् रामायणम्

The book which is in my hand, is the Ramayana.

 

6. ग्रन्थालये यत् बृहत् पुस्तकम् अस्ति तत् महाभारतम्

 

The biggest book in the library is the Mahabharata.

 

SANSKRIT SLOKA:

 

एकॊ देव: सर्वभूतेषु गूढ:

सर्वव्यापी सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा

कर्माध्यक्ष: सर्वभूताधिवास:

साक्षी चेता केवलो निर्गुणश्च |

(श्वॆताश्वतर उपनिषद् ७/)

 

One God is hidden in all beings. He is the inmost Self of all beings. He supervises all actions. He is the resting place of all beings. He is the witness. He is the Pure Consciousness. He is one without a second. He is beyond all attributes.

                                                <*><*><*><*><*>

 

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